Abstract

African Swine Fever: An Emerging Viral Disease in India

Author(s): Atul Kabra, Mohammad Mukim, Kamal Uddin , Ruchika Kabra and Rajiv Kukkar

African Swine Fever Virus (ASFV) is highly contagious and often lethal to domestic and wild pigs, has been around for decades. African Swine Fever Virus (ASFV) causes a serious swine disease that is endemic in Africa and Sardinia and spreading in Russia and neighboring countries, including Poland, Czech Republic. ASF was introduced into East Asian countries including China in 2018 and continued to propagate within East and Southeast Asia (Mongolia, Vietnam, Laos and the Philippines). Recently in India, around 2500 swine deaths reported in six districts of Assam due to the emergence of ASFV. The virus enters host cells by receptor-mediated endocytosis that depends on energy, vacuolar pH, and temperature. The specific receptors and attachment factors involved in the viral entry are still unknown, although macropinocytosis and clathrin-dependent mechanisms have been proposed. This uncontrolled dissemination is a worldwide threat, as no specific protection or vaccine is available. Prevention and controls are one of the most important treatments for the curing of this ASFV infection. This review imparts the updated information about virus morphology, etiopathology, transmission, symptoms, prevention, and control. This review also enlightens the numerous in-vitro therapeutic approaches studied against ASFV infection and provides future direction to the researchers working for ASFV infection treatment.<

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